Contraindications
Joint replacement or prosthesis
Sepsis - local skin sepsis, bacteraemia, osteomyelitis
Cellulitis
Abnormal clotting eg haemophilia or anticoagulation
Immunocompromised or poorly controlled diabetes
Patient refusal.
Complications
Pain
Haemorrhage
Infection
Recurrence - of effusion or symptoms
Procedure
- Expose and position the knee in a relaxed semi-flexed position
- Palpate and identify the patella, patella tendon, and tibial tuberosity
- Mark a point approximately 1 cm medial and inferior to the lower pole of the patella, just medial to the patella tendon overlying the medial joint compartment
- Clean the skin
- Attach a 21G or 23G sterile needle to the syringe and insert the needle directly into the knee joint where previously marked
- Remove 10-20ml of fluid
References
http://bestbets.org/bets/bet.php?id=83
https://lifeinthefastlane.com/procedures/joint-aspiration/
http://learning.bmj.com/learning/modules/flow/JIT.html?execution=e2s1&moduleId=10033838&status=LIVE&action=start&_flowId=JIT&sessionTimeoutInMin=90&locale=en_GB&shouldStartAtQuestionSection=false
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